Thứ Hai, 30 tháng 4, 2012

Japan helps Vietnam control expressways

Kinh Doanh | harvard university |

Japan will provide 527 million JPY (6.3 million USD) for Vietnam to implement a project to develop a traffic control system for expressways in Hanoi.



An exchange note to this effect was signed in Hanoi on Mar 29 between the Vietnamese Ministry of Transport, the Japanese Embassy in Vietnam and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in Vietnam .

Apart from building highways for socio-economic development in recent years, the Ministry of Transport and JICA have cooperated in applying the intelligent transport system (ITS) in Vietnam .

The project includes installing and putting the system into operation on Hanoi Belt Highway 3 from Highway 5 to Phap Van and Cau Gie.

The project is scheduled to be carried out from the second quarter of 2012 to the fourth quarter of 2013.-VNA
Theo en.baomoi.com

Hanoi and Beijing youth bolster ties

tin tuc | harvard university |

The discussion was held following talks between Vice Secretary of the Hanoi chapter of the HCMCYU Nguyen Thi Nga and Deputy Secretary of the CCYL Beijing Committee Yang Lixian, in Hanoi on March 28.





The CCYL Beijing Committee proposed to coordinate with the Hanoi chapter to facilitate youth creativity and youth-run businesses.

The Hanoi chapter invited the CCYL Beijing Committee to become involved in the friendship meeting between Hanoi and Beijing youths slated for November this year and the 14th Congress of the HCMCYU Hanoi chapter in October this year.

At the talks, the two sides informed each other about their organisational apparatus and shared experiences in youth activities.

Hanoi introduced its model of voluntary youths in traffic management and environmental protection with 1,000 voluntary students keeping watch at traffic intersections during rush hour and a team of volunteers setting out to eradicate illegal advertisements at hotspots in Hanoi on Saturdays.

The Beijing Committee gave a detailed description of the legitimate rights and privileges of the city's youth, especially educational and developmental rights.

The Beijing Committee said it has established a council to prevent crimes among youth and help youths who had committed crimes.

It also opened a hotline with more than 1,200 psychologists, legal experts and professional students, to consult and detect pressing youth issues.-VNA
Theo en.baomoi.com

Op-Ed Columnist

tin tuc tong hop | harvard university |

Nobody knows what the Supreme Court will decide with regard to the Affordable Care Act. But, after this week’s hearings, it seems quite possible that the court will strike down the "mandate" — the requirement that individuals purchase health insurance — and maybe the whole law. Removing the mandate would make the law much less workable, while striking down the whole thing would mean denying health coverage to 30 million or more Americans.

Broccoli and Bad Faith

By PAUL KRUGMAN
Published: March 29, 2012
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Given the stakes, one might have expected all the court’s members to be very careful in speaking about both health care realities and legal precedents. In reality, however, the second day of hearings suggested that the justices most hostile to the law don’t understand, or choose not to understand, how insurance works. And the third day was, in a way, even worse, as antireform justices appeared to embrace any argument, no matter how flimsy, that they could use to kill reform.

Let’s start with the already famous exchange in which Justice Antonin Scalia compared the purchase of health insurance to the purchase of broccoli, with the implication that if the government can compel you to do the former, it can also compel you to do the latter. That comparison horrified health care experts all across America because health insurance is nothing like broccoli.

Why? When people choose not to buy broccoli, they don’t make broccoli unavailable to those who want it. But when people don’t buy health insurance until they get sick — which is what happens in the absence of a mandate — the resulting worsening of the risk pool makes insurance more expensive, and often unaffordable, for those who remain. As a result, unregulated health insurance basically doesn’t work, and never has.

There are at least two ways to address this reality — which is, by the way, very much an issue involving interstate commerce, and hence a valid federal concern. One is to tax everyone — healthy and sick alike — and use the money raised to provide health coverage. That’s what Medicare and Medicaid do. The other is to require that everyone buy insurance, while aiding those for whom this is a financial hardship.

Are these fundamentally different approaches? Is requiring that people pay a tax that finances health coverage O.K., while requiring that they purchase insurance is unconstitutional? It’s hard to see why — and it’s not just those of us without legal training who find the distinction strange. Here’s what Charles Fried — who was Ronald Reagan’s solicitor general — said in a recent interview with The Washington Post: "I’ve never understood why regulating by making people go buy something is somehow more intrusive than regulating by making them pay taxes and then giving it to them."

Indeed, conservatives used to like the idea of required purchases as an alternative to taxes, which is why the idea for the mandate originally came not from liberals but from the ultra-conservative Heritage Foundation. (By the way, another pet conservative project — private accounts to replace Social Security — relies on, yes, mandatory contributions from individuals.)

So has there been a real change in legal thinking here? Mr. Fried thinks that it’s just politics — and other discussions in the hearings strongly support that perception.

I was struck, in particular, by the argument over whether requiring that state governments participate in an expansion of Medicaid — an expansion, by the way, for which they would foot only a small fraction of the bill — constituted unacceptable "coercion." One would have thought that this claim was self-evidently absurd. After all, states are free to opt out of Medicaid if they choose; Medicaid’s "coercive" power comes only from the fact that the federal government provides aid to states that are willing to follow the program’s guidelines. If you offer to give me a lot of money, but only if I perform certain tasks, is that servitude?

Yet several of the conservative justices seemed to defend the proposition that a federally funded expansion of a program in which states choose to participate because they receive federal aid represents an abuse of power, merely because states have become dependent on that aid. Justice Sonia Sotomayor seemed boggled by this claim: "We’re going to say to the federal government, the bigger the problem, the less your powers are. Because once you give that much money, you can’t structure the program the way you want." And she was right: It’s a claim that makes no sense — not unless your goal is to kill health reform using any argument at hand.

As I said, we don’t know how this will go. But it’s hard not to feel a sense of foreboding — and to worry that the nation’s already badly damaged faith in the Supreme Court’s ability to stand above politics is about to take another severe hit.

Theo www.nytimes.com

Netting Tiny Eels and Big Profits

Anh ngu | harvard university |

The next two months will bring sleepless nights and high anxiety — and quite possibly an extraordinary windfall — for a small universe of people in Maine. They are the lucky few with licenses to catch elvers — young, tiny eels that look like cellophane noodles and by some accounts are fetching up to $2,200 per pound this spring.

Craig Dilger for The New York Times

Suzanne Smith, left, and John Taylor on Thursday gathered the elvers that they caught in their nets overnight in Pemaquid, Me.

By ABBY GOODNOUGH
Published: March 29, 2012
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Ms. Smith prepared her eel catch while Mr. Taylor tended to their nets in Pemaquid, Me., on Thursday.

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The tiny but highly profitable young eels are a hot commodity in Asia and high-end American restaurants.

Elvers are a hot commodity in Asia, where aquaculture farms grow them to adult size and sell them for sushi and other food. They are believed to spawn in the Sargasso Sea and drift on currents to Maine, where they make their way to fresh water and, from March 22 through May 31, into the waiting nets of some 400 elver fishermen. The action takes place overnight, when elvers are most active.

Maine is one of only two states, along with South Carolina, where elver fishing is still allowed. And with Asian demand especially high — last year’s tsunami curbed supply in Japan, and Europe has cracked down on exporting eels — a gold rush of sorts is on along the rivers and streams of coastal Maine. Since the season began last week, stories have abounded of people making a small fortune in an often hard-luck state.

"The first two days of the season were extremely amazing," said Bill Quinby, an exporter based in Charleston, S.C., who shipped about 90 pounds of elvers to South Korea on Tuesday after buying them from Maine fishermen. "People were making $30,000, $40,000 a night."

Takes like that have brought poachers out in force. Gov. Paul R. LePage signed emergency legislation on Thursday increasing fines for unlicensed elver fishing to $2,000, up from a maximum $500. The law also stiffens penalties for catching elvers before the season starts and tampering with the nets that they are caught in. Prices have dropped this week, though they remain far higher than in previous years. David Smith, a licensed elver fisherman from Southwest Harbor, said they were down to about $1,750 per pound, perhaps because the catch was so abundant in the first few days of the season.

"It may be the buyers think, based on Thursday night’s harvest, 'There’s going to be plenty of eels; we don’t need to pay this kind of money,’ " Mr. Smith said. "But it may bounce back up. Who knows?"

Asked whether he did well last week, Mr. Smith put it this way: "I’m having a little addition put on my house, and I think I just paid for half the windows and doors."

Mr. Smith’s wife is usually his only company when he catches elvers from a tributary in a secluded part of Mount Desert Island. But in other parts of the state, fishermen cluster along the banks of some waterways and fight to protect their spots.

"I had to sit there for three days before the season opened, slept in my truck, just to stake out my position," said John Taylor, an elver fisherman from Newcastle, Me., who did not want the location of his nets revealed. "I had to actually let another guy take the spot — otherwise, he was going to fight me for it. And I wasn’t going to go to jail, knowing what kind of season was ahead of me."

Elver prices fluctuate from year to year — the creatures brought about $900 per pound last year, some fishermen said, but far less in the past. People often catch between 20 and 40 pounds in a good season, Mr. Smith said, though he has heard rumors of experts landing 50 pounds in one night.

Richard Blake, a longtime buyer, said poachers were coming "right out of the woodwork." Some unscrupulous types have even tried selling him young eels that he suspects came from other states, he said.

"Most of the eel dealers up here are smart enough to know if the product being offered didn’t come from the state of Maine," Mr. Blake said. "Anyone that I’m not sure about, I send down the road." Mr. Quinby said some dealers are "walking around with security because of all the cash they carry from buying elvers in the middle of the night."

High-end restaurants in the United States sometimes put elvers on the menu, perhaps fried or sautéed in olive oil with garlic. Dan Scofield, a buyer for Pierless Fish, a Brooklyn dealer, said the company had supplied elvers to Daniel in New York, French Laundry in Northern California and other top American restaurants in the past. But, he said, prices this year are too high.

The future of the fishery is not clear: the federal Fish and Wildlife Service is considering listing the American eel as threatened or endangered. Already, elver fishing is not allowed two days each week during the season for conservation purposes.

Mr. Smith, for one, does not mind the break. On some nights during elver season, he fishes until 2 or 3 a.m. and turns to his primary vocation, a crab processing business, at 4 in the morning.

"I inevitably in the next two months will suffer from sleep deprivation," he said. "There was one spell last year when I got about three hours’ sleep in three days and then my wife took the car keys away."

Theo www.nytimes.com

Study Shows Opiate Abuse by Some US Forces with Mental Disorders

giao duc | school teacher |

The case against a U.S. soldier who is accused of killing 17 civilians in Afghanistan has focused attention on the mental health problems some soldiers experience after years of combat. War veterans with a condition known as post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD, were twice as likely to be on high-risk drugs as those with no mental health issues.

The U.S. war in Afghanistan is the longest military conflict in American history. Many of the troops who have fought there also saw combat in Iraq. Doctors say at least one third returned with mental health problems.

Dr. Michael Yochelson was part of a military medical team that assessed returning soldiers for post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury.

"I think it's going to be really critical that those personnel are identified and get into therapies quickly," Yochelson said.

But what kind of therapies are most effective?  Researchers studied a group of more than 140,000 U.S. military veterans who had served in Iraq and Afghanistan between 2005 and 2010, and who had been prescribed an opioid -- a narcotic -- within a year of getting a pain diagnosis at a veterans' hospital.

Dr. Karen Seal is a co-author of the study. "Veterans who had a mental health diagnosis, but particularly PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) were far more likely than their counterparts without mental health problems to receive opiate pain medication," Seal said.

Veterans with PTSD were 2 1/2 times more likely to be on these narcotics.  The researchers also were also concerned about the quantity of drugs prescribed.

"These patients tend to receive higher dose opiates than their counterparts and would request early refills of their opiates, which indicates that they are using them more quickly than they should be," Seal said.

Many of the veterans on these drugs -- whether they were mentally ill or not -- had higher rates of accidents, alcoholism, violent injuries, suicides and overdoses.  Seal says the findings demonstrate that alternative methods of treatment, such as physical therapy, talk therapy or acupuncture, should be offered more widely.

"The study really woke us up to the reality of the serious adverse consequences that can occur with the use of opiates in returning Iraq and Afghanistan veterans who have pain and mental health problems," Seal said.

Yochelson says treating post-traumatic stress disorder will take more than a quick fix.

"Frankly, if they've been on multiple deployments and perhaps been there for 12 or 18 months or longer, or even over a period of several years, several deployments and never had it addressed until now, I think that treatment period may be going on for several years and maybe indefinitely," Yochelson said.

The study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Theo www.voanews.com

Restringing a Famous Last Name

may tinh tien | school teacher |

Jenny Lauren Steps Into Her Own

Erin Baiano for The New York Times

Jenny Lauren, 39, in the sunny Upper East Side studio where she makes her jewelry.

By RACHEL FELDER
Published: April 6, 2012
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YOU might expect the jewelry designer Jenny Lauren to have a head start in the business: She's the niece of Ralph and the daughter of his brother Jerry, the executive vice president for men's design at the fashion behemoth. But her big retail break came from an unlikely source: Urban Zen, the small chain that Ralph Lauren's contemporary (and some might say competitor), Donna Karan, helped found.

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Ms. Lauren's jewelry, made of a mix of beads and bits in bone, brass, coconut wood, silver and glass, includes chunky unisex chokers and bracelets, metal chains, dangling earrings and extremely long women's necklaces.

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Not that Ms. Lauren deliberately approached the Karan store with a sales pitch, or even a plan beyond a quick afternoon browse. Last September, she stopped by Urban Zen's boutique in Sag Harbor, N.Y., wearing a neckful of the flapper-meets-hippie extra-long beaded necklaces she makes by hand. The store manager, unaware of her design lineage, admired them and offered her a trunk show on the spot. When it was held at the shop a few weeks later, Uncle Ralph stopped by and decided he needed the jewelry for his stores, too.

"Ralph just said to me, 'This is not because Jenny's my niece,' " Jerry Lauren said proudly. " 'You know, this stuff is terrific.' "

The jewelry does suggest a family influence. It's a mix of beads and bits in bone, brass, coconut wood, silver and glass that feels a little American Indian, and a lot "Out of Africa," with a touch of prepster-on-vacation earthiness. "I don't think it's an accident," Ms. Lauren said. "There's no way that growing up in my family and being around the looks my whole life didn't seep in."

But a childhood spent in that picture-perfect family, a tight-knit clan that could be a group of extras from a Polo ad, wasn't easy for Ms. Lauren, who battled an eating disorder and related health problems during her teens and 20s. (She documented those experiences in a 2004 book, "Homesick: A Memoir of Family, Food and Finding Hope.")

These days, at age 39, she seems comfortable in her own skin and with her own look, which is more eclectic artist than all-American, accessorized by the chipped nails and pallor of a type-A creative sort who works mostly at night. In an interview she seemed unpretentious and earthy, without any of the slickness you might expect from someone raised in Manhattan with boldface names in the background.

Still, she's close to her family, including her high-profile first cousins David, the executive vice president for global advertising, marketing and communications at Ralph Lauren; and Dylan, of Candy Bar fame. (Ralph Lauren's other son, Andrew, is a film producer.) She has two older brothers: Brad, who is in the restaurant business, and Greg Lauren , an artist, former actor and founder of a clothing line under his name, sold at Barneys New York, that suggests his uncle's garments deconstructed and turned into costumes for the fight scenes in "The Hunger Games."

Ms. Lauren's jewelry, which has a hand-touched, intentionally raw feel, shares some of the rough-and-tumble look of her brother's collection. It includes chunky unisex chokers and bracelets that men have been pairing with button-down oxfords and suits, vintage-y metal chains with a cluster of hammered medallions and simpler dangling earrings with textured beads from Kenya and Ghana.

The standouts are those extremely long women's necklaces — essentially, extra exaggerated opera length — which each have an ever-so-slightly jarring combination of colors and materials, like delicate little deep-red Czech glass beads and pale-gray granite stones from Mali, acquired mostly during the last two decades, when the designer hopscotched from Santa Fe, N.M., and Tucson to Paris.

Although she has been beading since she was a teenager, most of her adult life has been focused on other art-related endeavors, like painting, working in galleries and studying art therapy. But last year, Ms. Lauren found herself returning to jewelry, mostly as an escape from prolonged grieving over losing her mother, Susan, to lung cancer in October 2008. "I feel like a cat with nine lives," she said. "I feel very grateful that I've had so many different careers and interests and that they've culminated into something that's so fulfilling."

By last May, she was spending most of her time at a rented house in Wainscott, N.Y., obsessively beading, mostly late at night. Friends who saw the work liked it, and many bought pieces as gifts, but it wasn't until her encounter at Urban Zen that Ms. Lauren started to think her jewelry could become a business.

Jenny Lauren Jewelry, (or JLJ, as the tiny brass hangtag on most of the pieces reads) isn't cheap, starting at $350 for earrings and some of her simpler metal necklaces, to $5,000 for one of the long necklaces, which have names like Wonder Woman, Red Desert and Lioness. But Ms. Lauren said she considered her work a hybrid of art and fashion, with each item made by hand (often with rare beads, although she doesn't use precious stones) in her sunny Upper East Side studio.

As for that famous last name, Ms. Lauren thinks that making jewelry — the only creative medium she has explored that has a connection to fashion — has liberated her from its baggage. "For the first time in my life, I don't feel like it's been an albatross," she said.

Theo www.nytimes.com

The Ethicist

Vu Quang Hung | school teacher |

My wife and I retained a "fertility consultant" to help us find an egg donor who matched some of my wife's diverse ethnic background, which, as we explained, is part ethnic Hawaiian. After a month of dead ends, we asked the consultant directly whether she had searched any Hawaiian donor agencies. She said no, and that she would not do so in the future. Now she refuses to refund our retainer. Did she behave ethically? NAME WITHHELD, CHICAGO

Donor Agent Provocateur

By ARIEL KAMINER
Published: April 6, 2012
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As a matter of professional ethics, no, the counselor should not have taken you on as clients if you made clear that you were interested in a service she did not intend to provide. That part is simple. The rest of it is anything but.

All prospective parents have ideas — fantasies, really, though I don't mean that disparagingly — about the shapes their families will take. Those ideas shouldn't be subject to anyone else's dictates. But they shouldn't be taken at face value, either. And they certainly shouldn't be taken as universal.

For starters, if your fantasy is a child who resembles your wife, be forewarned that choosing a donor who shares your ethnicity might not get you there. Common ethnicity won't guarantee a close genetic resemblance; given all the unseen variables, two people who have a common heritage might be further apart genetically than two people who do not. In any case, less than 6 percent of Hawaii's population identifies itself as "ethnically Hawaiian." Who knows what the numbers are among the state's egg donors?

Choosing a donor of the same ethnicity wouldn't guarantee a close physical resemblance, either. As in any other group, one ethnic Hawaiian might look like the world's most beautiful linebacker; another might look like a homely blade of grass. Your wife's doppelgänger could be in another state, or even on another continent.

These might seem like purely logistical considerations, but they hint at why a preference that seems almost too straightforward to mention isn't straightforward at all. Not all families, as it turns out, want a kid who resembles them. Lots of parents hope their children will be new and improved versions of themselves, which might include looking either more or less "ethnic" than they do. Meanwhile others dream of children who bear no resemblance to them whatsoever. According to a leading fertility specialist in New York, some couples come to her specifically looking for egg donors whose backgrounds differ from their own. One Anglo woman said she hoped to find a Japanese donor.

Her desire obviously reflects some pretty complex ideas about race. A donor who matches your (or your wife's) background is a common desire, but that doesn't make it less complex. Perhaps you feel that it's better for children to grow up among their own, or that it's kinder to children not to broadcast the complexities of their conception. All respectable positions, to be sure. But all particular positions, which 10 other couples might argue 10 different ways.

So by all means, press your case with the fertility consultant. But also give some thought to the assumptions that might be shaping your search and to their possible ethical implications. With a subject as muddled as race or ethnicity, those assumptions (which we all harbor, in one form or another) are always worth scrutinizing. But never more so than when they are being projected onto an innocent new life.

E-mail queries to ethicist@nytimes.com and include a daytime phone number.

Theo www.nytimes.com